01Master’s thesis · 2026 · Toronto Metropolitan University
Access Without Fear
Healthcare access for migrants with precarious immigration status in Canadian cities
For my master’s research, I examined how immigration status affects access to healthcare in Canadian cities. I analyzed city council and committee transcripts from nine municipalities to understand how local governments discuss the barriers faced by migrants without legal status.
I also mapped 142 healthcare facilities across Toronto’s 582 census tracts, using a two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) model to compare 15-minute access by walking, driving and public transit. Together, the two studies show where services exist, and why existing doesn’t always mean reachable.
- council & committee transcripts
- 15
- municipalities, 2013–2024
- 9
- healthcare facilities mapped
- 142
- census tracts in Toronto
- 582
Healthcare accessibility for non-permanent residents · 15-minute catchments (2SFCA)
Fig. 1Walking: higher accessibility in northern and eastern Toronto.
